The working principle of the DAP fertilizer production line is mainly based on the chemical synthesis process of diammonium phosphate (DAP). DAP fertilizer is a binary high-efficiency compound fertilizer containing two nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus. Its production involves a variety of processes and equipment.

The following is the detailed working principle of the DAP fertilizer production line:

1. Raw material preparation and processing

Ammonia: As a nitrogen source, it is usually provided by a synthetic ammonia plant. Before entering the reaction system, the ammonia needs to be purified to remove impurities and moisture.

Phosphoric acid: As a phosphorus source, it is usually provided by a phosphoric acid preparation device. The concentration and purity of phosphoric acid have an important influence on the quality of DAP fertilizer.

2. Neutralization reaction

Pre-neutralization drum ammonia granulation process: This is a common process for DAP fertilizer production. First, a portion of phosphoric acid is sent to the scrubber to recover ammonia, and then sent to the pre-neutralization tank to control the neutralization of the slurry to 1.3-1.5, and then pumped into the granulator to spray into granular materials. At the same time, ammonia is introduced to make its neutralization degree reach 1.8-2.0. Finally, the finished product is obtained through the drying and cooling system.

Single tube reactor process: In this process, phosphoric acid and ammonia react in a tubular reactor to generate DAP slurry. The design of the reactor requires that the distance between the outlet and the feed end of the granulator is at least 1/3 of the total length of the granulator or slightly farther to ensure good fluidity of the slurry.

Double tube reactor process: This process is developed on the basis of a single tube reactor. By installing two tubular reactors in the granulator and the dryer respectively, the problem of excessive solubility of the slurry in the production of high-concentration NPK compound fertilizer is solved.

3. Drying and cooling

Drying system: After the DAP slurry is sprayed into granular material by the nozzle, it enters the drying system. The drying system usually adopts countercurrent drying, that is, hot air and wet material flow in the opposite direction to improve drying efficiency. The dried material needs to be further cooled to reduce the temperature and facilitate storage and transportation.

Cooling system: The cooling system usually adopts water cooling or air cooling to cool the dried material to a suitable temperature range.

4. Dust removal and packaging

Dust removal system: Since a large amount of dust and exhaust gas will be generated during the production process, a dust removal system is required to collect and treat these wastes. The dust removal system usually uses equipment such as bag dust collectors or electrostatic precipitators.

Packaging system: The cooled DAP particles are screened and graded before entering the automatic packaging line for packaging. The packaging system can ensure that the product has a neat appearance, accurate measurement, and is easy to store and transport.

Advantages of DAP agricultural fertilizer production line

High-efficiency production capacity: DAP fertilizer production line achieves large-scale and high-efficiency production by adopting advanced production processes and equipment, such as pre-neutralization drum ammonia granulation process, single-tube reactor process, double-tube reactor process, etc.

High-quality product quality: DAP fertilizer production line can produce high-quality DAP fertilizer with high total nutrient content and moderate nitrogen and phosphorus ratio, which can meet the needs of crop growth. In addition, by optimizing production process and raw material selection, the quality of the product can be further improved, such as increasing the water-soluble phosphorus content, improving the shape and size of particles, etc., thereby enhancing the market competitiveness of the product.

Wide environmental adaptability: DAP fertilizer is suitable for various soil and climatic conditions, whether it is acidic soil or neutral soil, it can play a good fertilizer effect. At the same time, DAP can be used as both base fertilizer and topdressing; it is suitable for both dryland crops and paddy field crops, and has a wide range of applications. This wide environmental adaptability makes DAP fertilizer more popular in the market.

In summary, the working principle of the DAP agricultural fertilizer production line is a comprehensive manifestation of a complex chemical and physical process, involving multiple links such as raw material preparation, neutralization reaction, drying and cooling, and dust removal and packaging. By strictly controlling various process parameters and equipment operating status, high-quality DAP fertilizer products can be produced.

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